Tashkent, Uzbekistan (UzDaily.com) — On 15 July, the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis approved in its first reading a draft law “On the Procedure for the Circulation of Pyrotechnic Products.” The proposed legislation introduces strict legal restrictions on hazardous types of fireworks and establishes administrative liability for the unlawful use of portable laser devices.

Deputy Minister of Justice Sherzod Rabiev highlighted the increasing number of incidents involving the illegal import, storage, and use of fireworks, which pose serious risks to public safety. He expressed particular concern over uncertified and clandestinely manufactured products that continue to enter the market, bypassing regulatory controls.

The draft law proposes categorizing pyrotechnic products into five classes based on their risk level. Category I items — such as sparklers and tabletop fountains, with an effective radius of up to 0.5 meters — will be allowed for unrestricted use. However, Category II items — including firecrackers and outdoor fountains with a range of up to 5 meters — will be completely banned for use by individuals and businesses. Although this ban is already in place under Cabinet Resolution No. 724 of 2021, the draft law seeks to codify it at the legislative level.

Pyrotechnics in Categories III, IV, and V will be permitted only under license and solely for official events, industrial purposes, or defense needs, and only upon prior approval from relevant authorities, including the Ministry of Defense.

The bill also introduces administrative penalties for the illegal circulation of portable laser emitters. Although not classified as pyrotechnics, such devices are increasingly used in unlawful activities, including the blinding of aircraft pilots, and present similar threats to public safety. Rabiev noted that their import and distribution have been banned since 2013 by a Cabinet resolution, but until now, there has been no corresponding legal liability for violations of this ban.

During the session, MP Zafar Khudayberdiev voiced concerns about the inclusion of laser-related provisions in legislation primarily focused on pyrotechnics, warning this could confuse law enforcement authorities. He also questioned why penalties for violations involving lasers were higher than for fireworks. In response, Rabiev explained that harsher penalties are justified by the rising number of laser-related offenses and their potentially dangerous consequences.

Rabiev further emphasized that both administrative and criminal penalties are already in place for illegal fireworks. In severe cases — such as injury or death — criminal charges may be brought, with sentences of up to five years in prison.

The draft law draws on international experience, including legal frameworks from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Russia, and other CIS countries. According to the Ministry of Justice, the proposed reforms aim to strengthen control over the fireworks market, prevent illegal imports and distribution, and enhance public safety and consumer protection. The bill will be revised in the second reading to incorporate feedback from lawmakers.