The Syrians had taken the lead inside the opening 20 minutes through Abdulrazzak Al Husain’s set-piece but Kamoliddin Murzoev drew the home side level from the penalty spot 11 minutes after the break.
Nasaf then collected the points through substitute Shamuradov’s fine strike five minutes later.
The hosts started much the better of the two sides and had two early chances to break the deadlock.
First, Siarhei Krot saw his shot blocked on the line by Al Jaish goalkeeper Hisso Kawa before Samandar Shodmonov fired wide of the far corner shortly afterwards.
Al Jasih hit back with three chances of their own and converted the last of them in the 19th minute when Al Husain struck a curling free-kick that found the top corner of the net beyond keeper Dmytro Kozachenko.
Nasaf were mainly resorting to long balls in the direction of Krot and Murzoev as they looked for a way back into the encounter but an injury to the former in first-half stopage time saw them forced to switch their tactics for the second period.
The change in style paid off in the 56th minute, however, when the home side equalised as Murzoev was fouled in the box and the striker managed to dust himself off to convert the resultant spot kick.
And it got even better for Nasaf five minutes later when Shomurodov – on as a replacement for Krot – applied the finishing touch to a flowing counter attack that was started on the left flank.
Tempers began to flare in the final half an hour and the referee from Tajikistan was forced to delve into his book on more than one occasion but the home side were capable of closing out their second victory of the competition.
The result sees Nasaf open up a six-point gap over their opponents in the Group C table, who now face an uphill struggle to qualify for the knockout stages following two opening defeats.